同等学力英语倒装要点解析

    一、总述

　　英语句子中的倒装(inversion )分为部分倒装(partial inversion )和全部倒装(full inversion)。所谓部分倒装是指将句子谓语部分的助动词或情态助动词置于主语之前，全部倒装是指将整个谓语动词置于主语之前。倒装语序常出现在下列情况中：

　　1. 为避免句子部分内容重复，英语中常用倒装句，即：so (neither, nor) + be 动词(助动

　　词，情态动词)+ 主语。例如：

　　My father is an engineer; so is my husband.

　　Jane didn’t attend my class yesterday; nor did Morris.

　　注意：如表示赞同别人的陈述，so 后面的部分不倒装。例如：

　　“Jim is a good-swimmer.” “So he is, and so is Dick.”

　　2. 具有否定意义的词或短语置于句首时，句子一般部分倒装，即将be 动词、助动词或情态动词提到主语前。这类词或短语包括：not, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, scarcely, by no means, under no circumstances, in no way, at no time, no sooner…(than), hardly… (when), not only… (but also) 等。例如：

　　Never has my brother been abroad before.

　　Hardly had I sat down when I heard someone knocking at the door.

　　No sooner had he returned than he bought a fine house and went to live there.

　　二、重要考点

　　1. 如果句首的否定词修饰主语，是主语的一部分，则句子不用倒装。例如：Scarcely a drop of rain fell last month.

　　2. as 或though 引导的让步状语从句常用倒装。一般将一些形容词、副词等置于句首。例如：

　　Prominent as he is in his field, he remains easy-going.

　　Wealthy as he is, I don’t envy him.

　　3. 当so、often 、only 等表示程度或频率的副词置于句首时，句子一般倒装。这样的结构起一个强调作用，与正常语序的区别只是程度的不同。例如：

　　So great was the destruction that the south took decades to recovery.

　　(The destruction was so great that the south took decades to recovery.)

　　Often does he warn us not to touch the poisonous chemical.

　　Only in this way can we accomplish it on time.

　　4. 当there 、here、then 、now 等副词置于句首，且谓语动词为come 、go、be 等词时，句子一般全部倒装，此类倒装句旨在引起别人注意。但如果主语是代词，句子则不倒装。例如：

　　Look! Here comes the taxi.

　　Here are some letters for you to type.

　　5. 当out 、in、away、up、bang 等方位或拟声词置于句首时，句子一般全部倒装。此类倒装句比正常语序的句子更生动、形象。但如主语是代词，句子则不倒装。例如：

　　Away flew the bird.

　　Bang goes my ace.

　　Away she went.

　　三、例题

　　1. Only recently ______ to realize the dangers caffeine ( 咖啡因) might bring to our health.

　　A. that scientists began B. have scientists begun

　　C. scientists have begun D. that did scientists begin

　　2. Not until the year of 1954 ______ made the capital of this country.

　　A. the city was B. was the city

　　C. when the city was D. was when the city

　　3. ______ the doctor right away, he might be alive today.

　　A. Should he have gone to B. If he went to

　　C. Were he to go D. Had he gone to

　　4. “Does your father call you very often?” “Yes, my father calls about once a week and ______.”

　　A. so my brother does B. my brother does so

　　C. so does my brother D. does so my brother

　　5. Hardly anything ______ more than the happiness of seeing someone using his device for treatment.

　　A. please him B. does please him

　　C. pleases him D. does him please

　　6. So little ______ about physics that the lecture was completely beyond me.

　　A. I knew B. did I know C. I had known D. had I known

　　7. We are late! Look, ______!

　　A. there the bus goes B. the bus goes there

　　C. there goes the bus D. the bus there goes

　　8. Only after he has acquired considerable facility in speaking ______ to learn to read and write.

　　A. he began B. will he begin C. did he begin D. he must begin

　　9. Busy ______ he is, he can fulfill the task ahead of schedule.

　　A. because B. as C. no matter how D. although

　　10. By no means ______ create or destroy energy.

　　A. we can B. we can’t C. can we D. shall we

　　11. How strange ______!

　　A. that the children are so quiet is B. that the children are so quiet

　　C. is the children are so quiet D. it is that the children are so quiet

　　12. Not only ______ tolerant of other people’s opinion, but he is also patient.

　　A. he is B. is he C. he will be D. will he be

　　13. She never laughed, ______ lose her temper.

　　A. neither she did B. nor did she

　　C. either did she D. she either

　　14. ______ table tennis was accepted as a regular part of the Olympic Games.

　　A. Not until 1988 B. It was not until 1986 that

　　C. It was in 1986 when D. It was until 1986 that

　　15. ______ that Susan hadn’t dared to make a sound.

　　A. So was he absorbed B. So absorbed he was

　　C. So absorbed was he D. So he was absorbed

　　16. Never again ______ political office after his 1928 defeat for the presidency.

　　A. Alfred E. Smith seriously sought B. seriously Alfred E. Smith sought

　　C. when did Alfred E. Smith seriously seek. D. did Alfred E. Smith seriously seek

　　17. Under no circumstances ______ anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the interests of other people.

　　A. should we do B. we should do C. we do should D. so we should

　　18. Only when you have obtained sufficient data ______ come to a sound conclusion.

　　A. can you B. did you C. you will D. you can

　　19. Only in this way ______ progress in your English.

　　A. you make B. can you make C. you be able to make D. will you able to make

　　20. Not a day ______ without having some unpleasantness with the servants.

　　A. Catherine did spend B. Catherine spent

　　C. did Catherine spend D. did Catherine spent

　　21. So much ______ his financial position that he can’t sleep at night.

　　A. does he worry about B. he does worry about

　　C. he worries about D. worries he about

　　22. Many a time ______ me good advice.

　　A. Mike has given B. has Mike given

　　C. Mike does have give D. does Mike have given

　　23. ______, if he does not learn he knows nothing.

　　A. Be a man ever so clever B. A man is ever so clever

　　C. So clever as a man ever is D. No matter how clever be

　　24. Bang! Bang! ______And Philip suddenly felt his body become light.

　　A. Did come two reports of firecrackers

　　B. Two reports of firecrackers came

　　C. Came two reports of firecrackers

　　D. Come two reports of firecrackers

　　25. ______ from the ground floor.

　　A. Up the man comes B. Came up the man

　　C. The man come up D. Up came the man

　　26. Jane has not finished her assignment, and ______.

　　A. so have